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- <text id=94TT1201>
- <title>
- Sep. 05, 1994: Cinema:Now Read the Book
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Sep. 05, 1994 Ready to Talk Now?:Castro
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ARTS & MEDIA/CINEMA, Page 66
- Now Read the Book
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Leon Jaroff
- </p>
- <p> Several days after a victim contracts the virus, his eyes turn
- red and his head begins to ache. Red spots appear on his skin
- and, spreading quickly, become a rash of tiny blisters, and
- then the flesh rips. Blood begins to flow from every one of
- his body's orifices. The victim coughs up black vomit, sloughing
- off parts of his tongue, throat and windpipe. His organs fill
- with blood and fail. He suffers seizures, splattering virus-saturated
- blood that can infect anyone nearby. Within a few days the victim
- dies, and as the virus destroys his remaining cells, much of
- his tissue actually liquefies.
- </p>
- <p> Filmmakers may try, but no movie will match the real-life horror
- described in Richard Preston's The Hot Zone (Random House; 302
- pages; $23). The book, due in stores later this month, is an
- expanded version of the New Yorker article that sent Hollywood
- scrambling.
- </p>
- <p> Writing with great flair, Preston introduces his readers to
- the terrors of the filovirus, a family of threadlike viruses
- found in the rain-forest regions of Central Africa. He describes
- a 1976 outbreak that spread through villages near the Ebola
- River in Zaire, killing as many as 90% of those infected. This
- so-called Ebola Zaire virus is the deadliest of the filoviruses,
- but its Ebola Sudan and Marburg kin, while not as deadly, cause
- equally horrible symptoms.
- </p>
- <p> Such dangerous viruses may seem a distant mencace, but as a
- Yale researcher learned last week, accidents can happen. The
- Hot Zone details a 1989 Ebola crisis that occurred not in the
- forests of Afreica but in Reston, Virginia, only 15 miles from
- Washington. It all started at the Reston Primate Quarantine
- Unit, run by a company that imports and sells monkeys for use
- in research laboratories. When an unusual number of deaths were
- recorded among a shipment of monkeys that had recently arrived
- from the Philippines, tissue samples were sent to a U.S. Army
- research center.
- </p>
- <p> There a technician identified the strands as either Ebola Zaire
- or something very close to it. Even more alarming, an incident
- at the Reston building seemed to confirm that this virus, unlike
- the African one, could be transmitted through the air. Franctic
- phone calls were made to Virginia health authorities and to
- the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta. The Reston building
- was, in Army parlance, a "hot zone," an area that contained
- lethal, infectious organisms. An Army team, wearing space suits,
- killed the 450 surviving monkeys by lethal injection, and the
- cadavers were place in plastic bags for disposal. Before the
- building was boarded up, the Army sterilized every square inch
- of the interior. Dcotors monitored employees and Army personnel
- who had been exposed to monkey blood. Eventually it became appparent
- that the Ebola Zaire strain at Reston was harmless to humans.
- Yet the virus is considered to be a continuing menace. "A tiny
- change in its genetic code," Preston writes, "and it might zoom
- through the human race."
- </p>
- <p> In his view, the worst is yet to come. As the world's population
- continues to grow, he writes, and human settlements and activity
- intrude farther into the rain forests, previously unknown viruses
- like HIV, Lassa, the filovirus and others are emerging to wreak
- their toll. In a rather mystical but ominous conclusion, Preston
- warns that "the rain forest has its own defenses...The earth's
- immune system, so to speak, is starting to kick in...The earth
- is attempting to rid itself of an infection by the human parasite.
- Perhaps AIDS is the first step in a natural process of clearance."
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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